

The six Scottish and Northern Irish issuing banks buy sterling currency from the Bank of England using the largest denomination banknote, the Titan (£100 million). This is the only note printed in-house by the BoE. The issuing banks can then print notes up to the value of the titans held in their BoE account.
This used to be common throughout the UK, but the last English banks gave up their issuing rights in the C20th leaving the monopoly in England & Wales with the BoE. Scotland has a particular interest in having their own notes as they invented banknotes, and while they used English notes after Union, a 19th century poetic revivalist movement (also responsible for kilts and tartan) led to the reintroduction of the Scottish notes.



Well no, as French and German Euros are equal. Scottish and NI notes are subsidiary to English notes - for every £ a Scottish or NI bank issues, they must deposit the same amount with the Bank of England.